Moira Ricci (Italia, 1977)
The photographic series 20.12.53 – 10.08.04, which appears to have been born out of the artist’s desire to revisit her personal history, perfectly embodies the views put forward by Roland Barthes in his celebrated Camera Lucida: photography endows the past with a certainty so solid as to be equivalent to the present, thus blurring the boundary between reality (what was) and truth.
João Tabarra
O degelo de João Tabarra
21.05.2010 - José Marmeleira
O Outro |
Quase 20 anos depois do seu aparecimento, a obra de João Tabarra (Lisboa, 1966) continua uma das mais necessárias da arte contemporânea portuguesa. Não apenas pelas perguntas que coloca, mas pela ficções, as histórias que representa. Estivemos todos nelas como homens comuns, e voltamos a lá estar em "Les Limites du Désert", a exposição individual que amanhã inaugura em Lisboa, na Galeria Graça Brandão, numa co-produção com a BLACKMARIA.
Convém, no entanto, abrir um parêntesis curto, e porventura várias vezes repetido, para lembrar o caminho de João Tabarra. Autodidacta, passou pelo fotojornalismo e cruzou uma parte dos anos 90 ao lado de uma série de artistas que propunham uma crítica do real e dos media. Depois, já neste século, seguiu um percurso solitário e afirmado em diversas exposições individuais e colectivas, em Portugal e no estrangeiro, e na participação em 2002 na XXV Bienal de São Paulo, com o comissariado de Miguel von Hafe Pérez. Hoje, a fotografia e vídeo continuam a ser os instrumentos que tem à mão e com que trabalha, e o contexto político não abandonou as imagens em movimento que compõem a sua obra. Permanecem no que agora apresenta na Graça Brandão: uma projecção única de 13 filmes, três fotografias e mais um filme.
FOTOGRAFIA PICTÓRICA
FOTOGRAFIA PICTÓRICA
Bahrein II, 2007 Exhibition view © Centro di Cultura Contemporanea Strozzina, Firenze; Valentina Muscedra |
FOTOGRAFIA (Andreas Gursky)
DAVID SANTOS 2007-06-20: ARTE CAPITAL
“A minha preferência por estruturas bem definidas resulta do meu desejo – talvez ilusório – de não perder o rasto às coisas e de manter algum controle sobre o mundo”
Andreas Gursky
Na segunda metade do século XIX, o “Pictorialismo”(2) tornou-se o primeiro movimento ligado à prática da fotografia a manifestar o desejo de alcançar a dignidade e o estatuto de uma artisticidade refinada ou “sallonard”, a que nessa época, de conflito entre a moral e a ciência, só a pintura e a escultura pareciam poder aceder. Determinado pelo elaborado domínio académico e todo-poderoso das chamadas Belas-Artes, essa matriz de espiritualidade culta tornou-se uma espécie de obsessiva tarefa para a nova epistemologia da imagem que ainda hoje designamos por Fotografia. Mas, como manifestação redutora e artificial, o “Pictorialismo” revelar-se-ia uma falsa partida, permanecendo associada a fotografia, pelo menos até meados do século XX, e apesar da reivindicação crescente sobre a sua especificidade artística, a uma certa ideia de menoridade, apressadamente justificada pelo espartilho da pequena escala ou de uma produção na sua esmagadora maioria realizada na exploração cromática do preto e branco, ou dos seus matizes cinzentos, para além de parecer estar muito mais dependente do exercício mecânico, o seu “pecado original”, do que de uma manualidade expressiva e artesanal, limitando assim a manifestação dessa subjectividade essencial, fundadora do mito romântico do artista criador.
DAVID SANTOS 2007-06-20: ARTE CAPITAL
“A minha preferência por estruturas bem definidas resulta do meu desejo – talvez ilusório – de não perder o rasto às coisas e de manter algum controle sobre o mundo”
Andreas Gursky
Na segunda metade do século XIX, o “Pictorialismo”(2) tornou-se o primeiro movimento ligado à prática da fotografia a manifestar o desejo de alcançar a dignidade e o estatuto de uma artisticidade refinada ou “sallonard”, a que nessa época, de conflito entre a moral e a ciência, só a pintura e a escultura pareciam poder aceder. Determinado pelo elaborado domínio académico e todo-poderoso das chamadas Belas-Artes, essa matriz de espiritualidade culta tornou-se uma espécie de obsessiva tarefa para a nova epistemologia da imagem que ainda hoje designamos por Fotografia. Mas, como manifestação redutora e artificial, o “Pictorialismo” revelar-se-ia uma falsa partida, permanecendo associada a fotografia, pelo menos até meados do século XX, e apesar da reivindicação crescente sobre a sua especificidade artística, a uma certa ideia de menoridade, apressadamente justificada pelo espartilho da pequena escala ou de uma produção na sua esmagadora maioria realizada na exploração cromática do preto e branco, ou dos seus matizes cinzentos, para além de parecer estar muito mais dependente do exercício mecânico, o seu “pecado original”, do que de uma manualidade expressiva e artesanal, limitando assim a manifestação dessa subjectividade essencial, fundadora do mito romântico do artista criador.
The Reality of the World and the Realism of Fiction
The Reality of the World and the Realism of Fiction
The question of the very widespread and disturbing phenomenon of manipulation is as evident as it is mysterious. If it is true, as Luhmann says, that the suspicion of manipulation is the “mortal sin” of the media, it is also true that this is the subject that connects the media with reality and investigates the relations between representation and the world, their effectiveness and their consequences. It is, however, also one of the most ambiguous questions in all of the thinking about the media, one that calls into question the very idea of reality its practical effects. This is because talking about manipulation makes sense only on the assumption that there is something to manipulate, a somehow independent reality that the media report in more or less faithful or more or less distorted terms. But does this reality exist and how far is it independent of the way in which the media talk about or represent it? Is non-manipulated representation possible when the medium inevitably affects the reality it represents? When can we talk of distortion and when instead can the observer be regarded as still providing a faithful “presentation” of things?
The question of the very widespread and disturbing phenomenon of manipulation is as evident as it is mysterious. If it is true, as Luhmann says, that the suspicion of manipulation is the “mortal sin” of the media, it is also true that this is the subject that connects the media with reality and investigates the relations between representation and the world, their effectiveness and their consequences. It is, however, also one of the most ambiguous questions in all of the thinking about the media, one that calls into question the very idea of reality its practical effects. This is because talking about manipulation makes sense only on the assumption that there is something to manipulate, a somehow independent reality that the media report in more or less faithful or more or less distorted terms. But does this reality exist and how far is it independent of the way in which the media talk about or represent it? Is non-manipulated representation possible when the medium inevitably affects the reality it represents? When can we talk of distortion and when instead can the observer be regarded as still providing a faithful “presentation” of things?
Manipulatin Reality
Manipulating Reality
The Centro di Cultura Contemporanea Strozzina
Realtà Manipolate / Manipulating Reality
The central theme of the project Realtà Manipolate / Manipulating Reality is critical analysis of the concept of reality in relation to its possibilities of representation. Above all as a result of the “digital revolution” and the upheaval it has caused in lifestyles and perception of the world over the last 20 years, images have become such an all-encompassing means of universal communication as to provide the basis for a new type of society. The mass media, sciences and everyday life make use of a form of non-verbal communication that is now indispensable.
Recent developments in digital technology have given rise in particular to a different relationship between image and beholder at the level both of use and of production. Those who were once the targets have today become the creators of a certain type of visual communication. Never before in fact have such huge quantities of photographic images been produced and put in circulation on a daily basis. Webcams, cell-phone cameras and digital cameras have become omnipresent accessories in everyday life, requiring no great degree of technical expertise and hence readily available for use by vast numbers of people to document moments of private or public life. A key element of dissemination is the Internet, where photographs and videos are uploaded and downloaded, often circulating under no control and at the mercy of whoever might wish to appropriate them for purposes of manipulation or insertion into different contexts. This content is frequently posted on digital platforms such as blogs, social networks and personal websites, which have now become just as important as the traditional channels of information and mass media, especially for the young. We are living in an “image society” where communication no longer takes place primarily through the written word but through images that can be produced and circulated by anyone anywhere anytime.
The central theme of the project Realtà Manipolate / Manipulating Reality is critical analysis of the concept of reality in relation to its possibilities of representation. Above all as a result of the “digital revolution” and the upheaval it has caused in lifestyles and perception of the world over the last 20 years, images have become such an all-encompassing means of universal communication as to provide the basis for a new type of society. The mass media, sciences and everyday life make use of a form of non-verbal communication that is now indispensable.
Recent developments in digital technology have given rise in particular to a different relationship between image and beholder at the level both of use and of production. Those who were once the targets have today become the creators of a certain type of visual communication. Never before in fact have such huge quantities of photographic images been produced and put in circulation on a daily basis. Webcams, cell-phone cameras and digital cameras have become omnipresent accessories in everyday life, requiring no great degree of technical expertise and hence readily available for use by vast numbers of people to document moments of private or public life. A key element of dissemination is the Internet, where photographs and videos are uploaded and downloaded, often circulating under no control and at the mercy of whoever might wish to appropriate them for purposes of manipulation or insertion into different contexts. This content is frequently posted on digital platforms such as blogs, social networks and personal websites, which have now become just as important as the traditional channels of information and mass media, especially for the young. We are living in an “image society” where communication no longer takes place primarily through the written word but through images that can be produced and circulated by anyone anywhere anytime.